ImageMagick version 5.1.1, is a package for display and interactive
manipulation of images for the X Window System. It is written in C and
interfaces to the X library, and therefore does not require any
proprietary toolkit in order to compile. Although the software is
copyrighted, it is available for free and can be redistributed without
fee.
The official ImageMagick WWW page is
http://www.wizards.dupont.com/cristy/ImageMagick.html
ImageMagick is available via ftp as
ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/ImageMagick-5.1.1.tar.gz
Other versions are available as
ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/lzw/
ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/linux/
ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/nt/
ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/mac/
ftp://ftp.wizards.dupont.com/pub/ImageMagick/vms/
display
Display is a machine architecture independent image and
display program. It can display an image on any
workstation display running an X server. Display can read
and write many of the more popular image formats (e.g.
JPEG, TIFF, PNM, Photo CD, etc.). You can perform these
functions on the image:
o load an image from a file
o display the next image
o display the former image
o display a sequence of images as a slide show
o write the image to a file
o print the image to a Postscript printer
o delete the image file
o create a Visual Image Directory
o select the image to display by its thumbnail rather than name
o undo last image transformation
o copy a region of the image
o paste a region to the image
o restore the image to its original size
o refresh the image
o half the image size
o double the image size
o resize the image
o crop the image
o cut the image
o flop image in the horizontal direction
o flip image in the vertical direction
o rotate the image 90 degrees clockwise
o rotate the image 90 degrees counter-clockwise
o rotate the image
o shear the image
o trim the image edges
o invert the colors of the image
o vary the color brightness
o vary the color saturation
o vary the image hue
o gamma correct the image
o sharpen the image contrast
o dull the image contrast
o perform histogram equalization on the image
o perform histogram normalization on the image
o negate the image colors
o convert the image to grayscale
o set the maximum number of unique colors in the image
o reduce the speckles within an image
o eliminate peak noise from an image
o detect edges within the image
o emboss an image
o oil paint an image
o segment the image by color
o annotate the image with text
o draw on the image
o edit an image pixel color
o edit the image matte information
o composite an image with another
o add a border to the image
o add an image comment
o apply image processing techniques to a region of interest
o display information about the image
o display information about this program
o display image to background of a window
o set user preferences
o discard all images and exit program
o change the level of magnification
o display images specified by a World Wide Web (WWW)
uniform resource locator (URL)
import
Import reads an image from any visible window on an X
server and outputs it as an image file. You can capture a
single window, the entire screen, or any rectangular
portion of the screen. You can use display (see
display(1)) utility for redisplay, printing, editing,
formatting, archiving, image processing, etc. of the
captured image.
The target window can be specified by id, name, or may be
selected by clicking the mouse in the desired window. If
you press a button and then drag, a rectangle will form
which expands and contracts as the mouse moves. To save
the portion of the screen defined by the rectangle, just
release the button. The keyboard bell is rung once at the
beginning of the screen capture and twice when it
completes.
animate
Animate displays a sequence of images on any workstation
display running an X server. Animate first determines the
hardware capabilities of the workstation. If the number of
unique colors in an image is less than or equal to the
number the workstation can support, the image is displayed
in an X window. Otherwise the number of colors in the
image is first reduced to match the color resolution of the
workstation before it is displayed.
This means that a continuous-tone 24 bits/pixel image can
display on a 8 bit pseudo-color device or monochrome
device. In most instances the reduced color image closely
resembles the original. Alternatively, a monochrome or
pseudo-color image sequence can display on a
continuous-tone 24 bits/pixels device.
montage
Montage creates a composite image by combining several
separate images. The images are tiled on the composite
image with the name of the image optionally appearing just
below the individual tile.
convert
Convert converts an input file using one image format to an
output file with a differing image format. By default, the
image format is determined by it's magic number. To specify
a particular image format, precede the filename with an
image format name and a colon (i.e. ps:image) or specify
the image type as the filename suffix (i.e. image.ps).
Specify file as - for standard input or output. If file
has the extension .Z, the file is decoded with uncompress.
mogrify
Mogrify transforms an image or a sequence of images. These
transforms include image scaling, image rotation, color
reduction, and others. The transmogrified image overwrites
the original image.
identify
describes the format and characteristics of one or more
image files. It will also report if an image is incomplete
or corrupt. The information displayed includes the scene
number, the file name, the width and height of the image,
whether the image is colormapped or not, the number of
colors in the image, the number of bytes in the image, the
format of the image (JPEG, PNM, etc.), and finally the
number of seconds it took to read and process the image.
combine
Combine combines images to create new images.
xtp Xtp is a utility for retrieving, listing, or printing
files from a remote network site, or sending files to a
remote network site. Xtp performs most of the same
functions as the ftp program, but does not require any
interactive commands. You simply specify the file transfer
task on the command line and xtp performs the task
automatically.
* * *
Copyright (C) 2000 ImageMagick Studio, a non-profit organization
dedicated to making software imaging solutions freely available.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of this software and associated documentation files
("ImageMagick"), to deal in ImageMagick without restriction,
including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of ImageMagick,
and to permit persons to whom the ImageMagick is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
included in all copies or substantial portions of ImageMagick.
The software is provided "as is", without warranty of any kind,
express or implied, including but not limited to the warranties of
merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and
noninfringement. In no event shall ImageMagick Studio be liable for
any claim, damages or other liability, whether in an action of
contract, tort or otherwise, arising from, out of or in connection
with ImageMagick or the use or other dealings in ImageMagick.
Except as contained in this notice, the name of the ImageMagick
Studio shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the
sale, use or other dealings in ImageMagick without prior written
authorization from the ImageMagick Studio.
A much more important factor in the social movement than those already mentioned was the ever-increasing influence of women. This probably stood at the lowest point to which it has ever fallen, during the classic age of Greek life and thought. In the history of Thucydides, so far as it forms a connected series of events, four times only during a period of nearly seventy years does a woman cross the scene. In each instance her apparition only lasts for a moment. In three of the four instances she is a queen or a princess, and belongs either to the half-barbarous kingdoms of northern Hellas or to wholly barbarous Thrace. In the one remaining instance208— that of the woman who helps some of the trapped Thebans to make their escape from Plataea—while her deed of mercy will live for ever, her name is for ever lost.319 But no sooner did philosophy abandon physics for ethics and religion than the importance of those subjects to women was perceived, first by Socrates, and after him by Xenophon and Plato. Women are said to have attended Plato’s lectures disguised as men. Women formed part of the circle which gathered round Epicurus in his suburban retreat. Others aspired not only to learn but to teach. Arêtê, the daughter of Aristippus, handed on the Cyrenaic doctrine to her son, the younger Aristippus. Hipparchia, the wife of Crates the Cynic, earned a place among the representatives of his school. But all these were exceptions; some of them belonged to the class of Hetaerae; and philosophy, although it might address itself to them, remained unaffected by their influence. The case was widely different in Rome, where women were far more highly honoured than in Greece;320 and even if the prominent part assigned to them in the legendary history of the city be a proof, among others, of its untrustworthiness, still that such stories should be thought worth inventing and preserving is an indirect proof of the extent to which feminine influence prevailed. With the loss of political liberty, their importance, as always happens at such a conjuncture, was considerably increased. Under a personal government there is far more scope for intrigue than where law is king; and as intriguers women are at least the209 equals of men. Moreover, they profited fully by the levelling tendencies of the age. One great service of the imperial jurisconsults was to remove some of the disabilities under which women formerly suffered. According to the old law, they were placed under male guardianship through their whole life, but this restraint was first reduced to a legal fiction by compelling the guardian to do what they wished, and at last it was entirely abolished. Their powers both of inheritance and bequest were extended; they frequently possessed immense wealth; and their wealth was sometimes expended for purposes of public munificence. Their social freedom seems to have been unlimited, and they formed combinations among themselves which probably served to increase their general influence.321 The old religions of Greece and Italy were essentially oracular. While inculcating the existence of supernatural beings, and prescribing the modes according to which such beings were to be worshipped, they paid most attention to the interpretation of the signs by which either future events in general, or the consequences of particular actions, were supposed to be divinely revealed. Of these intimations, some were given to the whole world, so that he who ran might read, others were reserved for certain favoured localities, and only communicated through the appointed ministers of the god. The Delphic oracle in particular enjoyed an enormous reputation both among Greeks and barbarians for guidance afforded under the latter conditions; and during a considerable period it may even be said to have directed the course of Hellenic civilisation. It was also under this form that supernatural religion suffered most injury from the great intellectual movement which followed the Persian wars. Men who had learned to study the constant sequences of Nature for themselves, and to shape their conduct according to fixed principles of prudence or of justice, either thought it irreverent to trouble the god about questions on which they were competent to form an opinion for themselves, or did not choose to place a well-considered scheme at the mercy of his possibly interested responses. That such a revolution occurred about the middle of the fifth century B.C., seems proved by the great change of tone in reference to this subject which one perceives on passing from Aeschylus to Sophocles. That anyone should question the veracity of an oracle is a supposition which never crosses the mind of the elder dramatist. A knowledge of augury counts among the greatest benefits222 conferred by Prometheus on mankind, and the Titan brings Zeus himself to terms by his acquaintance with the secrets of destiny. Sophocles, on the other hand, evidently has to deal with a sceptical generation, despising prophecies and needing to be warned of the fearful consequences brought about by neglecting their injunctions. The stranger had a pleasant, round face, with eyes that twinkled in spite of the creases around them that showed worry. No wonder he was worried, Sandy thought: having deserted the craft they had foiled in its attempt to get the gems, the man had returned from some short foray to discover his craft replaced by another. “Thanks,” Dick retorted, without smiling. When they reached him, in the dying glow of the flashlight Dick trained on a body lying in a heap, they identified the man who had been warned by his gypsy fortune teller to “look out for a hidden enemy.” He was lying at full length in the mould and leaves. "But that is sport," she answered carelessly. On the retirement of Townshend, Walpole reigned supreme and without a rival in the Cabinet. Henry Pelham was made Secretary at War; Compton Earl of Wilmington Privy Seal. He left foreign affairs chiefly to Stanhope, now Lord Harrington, and to the Duke of Newcastle, impressing on them by all means to avoid quarrels with foreign Powers, and maintain the blessings of peace. With all the faults of Walpole, this was the praise of his political system, which system, on the meeting of Parliament in the spring of 1731, was violently attacked by Wyndham and Pulteney, on the plea that we were making ruinous treaties, and sacrificing British interests, in order to benefit Hanover, the eternal millstone round the neck of England. Pulteney and Bolingbroke carried the same attack into the pages of The Craftsman, but they failed to move Walpole, or to shake his power. The English Government, instead of treating Wilkes with a dignified indifference, was weak enough to show how deeply it was touched by him, dismissed him from his commission of Colonel of the Buckinghamshire Militia, and treated Lord Temple as an abettor of his, by depriving him of the Lord-Lieutenancy of the same county, and striking his name from the list of Privy Councillors, giving the Lord-Lieutenancy to Dashwood, now Lord Le Despencer. "I tell you what I'll do," said the Deacon, after a little consideration. "I feel as if both Si and you kin stand a little more'n you had yesterday. I'll cook two to-day. We'll send a big cupful over to Capt. McGillicuddy. That'll leave us two for to-morrer. After that we'll have to trust to Providence." "Indeed you won't," said the Surgeon decisively. "You'll go straight home, and stay there until you are well. You won't be fit for duty for at least a month yet, if then. If you went out into camp now you would have a relapse, and be dead inside of a week. The country between here and Chattanooga is dotted with the graves of men who have been sent back to the front too soon." "Adone do wud that—though you sound more as if you wur in a black temper wud me than as if you pitied me." "Wot about this gal he's married?" "Don't come any further." "Davy, it 'ud be cruel of us to go and leave him." "Insolent priest!" interrupted De Boteler, "do you dare to justify what you have done? Now, by my faith, if you had with proper humility acknowledged your fault and sued for pardon—pardon you should have had. But now, you leave this castle instantly. I will teach you that De Boteler will yet be master of his own house, and his own vassals. And here I swear (and the baron of Sudley uttered an imprecation) that, for your meddling knavery, no priest or monk shall ever again abide here. If the varlets want to shrieve, they can go to the Abbey; and if they want to hear mass, a priest can come from Winchcombe. But never shall another of your meddling fraternity abide at Sudley while Roland de Boteler is its lord." "My lord," said Edith, in her defence, "this woman has sworn falsely. The medicine I gave was a sovereign remedy, if given as I ordered. Ten drops would have saved the child's life; but the contents of the phial destroyed it. The words I uttered were prayers for the life of the child. My children, and all who know me, can bear witness that I have a custom of asking His blessing upon all I take in hand. I raised my eyes towards heaven, and muttered words; but, my lord, they were words of prayer—and I looked up as I prayed, to the footstool of the Lord. But it is in vain to contend: the malice of the wicked will triumph, and Edith Holgrave, who even in thought never harmed one of God's creatures, must be sacrificed to cover the guilt, or hide the thoughtlessness of another." "Aye, Sir Treasurer, thou hast reason to sink thy head! Thy odious poll-tax has mingled vengeance—nay, blood—with the cry of the bond." HoME古一级毛片免费观看
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