PINYIN.DATA from Ed Lai
The following is a pinyin index to the GB code, encoded in the 'zW' format.
The data is taken from a HyperCard Chinese dictionary stack that I have been
working on and has released two previous versions.
The data is formated in the following way. We first have a line with the
pronunications, they are the PinYin, the Wade-Gile, and the Yale. Then we
have the lines starting with the tone expressed as a digit, followed by the
characters in GB code.
Here is the index.
A,A,A
1°¢°¡ºÇß¹ëçï¹
2°¡ºÇàÄ
3°¡ºÇ
4°¡ºÇ
5°¢°¡ºÇ
Ai,Ai,Ai
1°§°£°¤°¥°¦ÞßïÍ
2´ô°¤°¨°©Þß
3°¥°ª°«àÈö°
4°®°¬°°¥°¦°¯àÈàÉæÈè¨êÓíÁ
An,An,An
1°²³§¹ã°°°±ÚÏâÖèñðÆ
3°³ÛûÞîï§
4°¸°´°¶°µ÷ö°·áí
Ang,Ang,Ang
1°¹
2°º
4°»
Ao,Ao,Au
1°¼°¾
2°½°¾°¿Ïùà»âÚåÛéáñúòü÷¡÷é
3°ÀÞÖæÁ
4°Ä°Â°Á°ÃÛêÞÖá®æñöË
Ba,Pa,Ba
1°Í°Ë°Å°É°È°Æ°Ç°Ê°Ìá±ôÎ
2°Ë°Î°ÏÜØÝÃ÷É
3°Ñ°ÐîÙ
4°Ñ°Õ°Ò°Ó°Ô°Öå±öÑ
5°É°Õ
Bai,Pai,Bai
1êþ
2°×
3°Ù²®°Ø°Ú°ÛÞã
4°Ý°Ü°ÞßÂ
Ban,Pan,Ban
1°à°ã°ä°á°ß°âñ£ñ
3°æ°åô²ÚæÛàîÓ
4°ì°ë°é°ç°è°ê°í
Bang,Pang,Bang
1°î°ï°ðäº
3°ñ°ó°ò
4°÷°õ°ø°ò°ô°ö°ùÝò
Bao,Pao,Bau
1°üÅÚ°û°ú°ý°þæßìÒöµ
2±¡±¢
3±£±¦±¤±¥Ýáð±ñÙ
4±¨±©±¬±§±ª±«ÅÙÆØÆÙõÀ
Bei,Pei,Bei
1±¯±³±±®±°ÚéÛýÝÉðÇ
3±±
4±»±¸±¶±³±´±²±µ±·±¹±ºØÃÚýÝíã£íÕñØöÍ÷¹
5±ÛßÂ
Ben,Pen,Ben
1±¼êÚï¼
3±¾±½ÛÎ
4±¼±¿º»ÛÐ
Beng,Peng,Beng
1±À±ÁàÔ
2±Â
3±Á
4°ö±Á±Ã±Ä±Åê´
Bi,Pi,Bi
1±Æ
2±ÇÝ©
3±È±Ê±ËÙÂØ°±ÉßÁåþïõô°
4±Ò±ØÃرܱձٱбݱڱֱ̱ͱαϱѱӱԱױ۷÷ÃÚÛýÜÅÜêÝÉÞµßÙáùâØã¹ääå¨åöæ¾æÔèµêÚî¯îéñÔóÙóëó÷ôÅõÏ÷Â
Bian,Pien,Byan
1±ß±à±Þì®ìÔí¾òùóÖöý
3±á±âØÒíÜñ¹ñÛ
4±ã±ä±ç±æ±é±å±èÛÍÜÐâíãêçÂ
5±ß
Biao,Piao,Byau
1±ê±ë±ìÉ×æôè¼ì©ìïÚïðñ¦÷Ô
3±íæ»ñÑ
4֤
Bie,Pieh,Bye
1±î±ï±ñ
2±ðõ¿
3±ñ
4±ð
Bin,Pin,Bin
1±ö±õ±ò±ó±ôÙÏáÙçÍçãéÄïÙ
4éë±÷ë÷÷Æ÷Þ
Bing,Ping,Bing
1²¢±ø±ùéÄ
3±þ±û±ú±ü±ýÆÁÙ÷Úû
4²¢²¡Þð
Bo,Po,Bwo
1°ã²¥²¨²¦°þ²£²¤²§âÄõÀ
2°Ù²©²µ²´²®²ª°Ø±¡²«²¬²²¯²°²±²²²³ÆÇØÃÙñíçîàð¾õÛ
3ô¤õË
4°Ø±¡éÞêþô¤ë¢
5²·à£
Bu,Pu,Bu
1åÍêÎîß
2²»õ³
3²¹²¶±¤²·²¸ß²
4²»²¿²¼²½ÆÒ²¾²º²Àê³îÐ
Ca,Ts'a,Tsa
1²ð²Áàê
3íå
Cai,Ts'ai,Tsai
1²Â
2²Æ²Å²Ä²Ã
3²É²Ê²Ç²È
4²É²Ì²Ë
Can,Ts'an,Tsan
1²Î²Íæî
2²Ð²Ï²Ñ
3²Ò÷õ
4²Ò²Ó²ôåîè²ôÓ
Cang,Ts'ang,Tsang
1²Ö²×²Ô²ÕØ÷
2²Ø
Cao,Ts'ao,Tsau
1²Ù²Ú
2²Û²ÜàÐäîó©ô½
3²Ý
Ce,Ts'e,Tse
4²ß²á²â²Þ²àâü
Cen,Ts'en,Tsen
1²Î
2á¯ä¹
Ceng,Ts'eng,Tseng
1àá
2Ôø²ã
4²ä
Cha,Ch'a,Cha
1²î²å²æ²êÔûàêâÇè¾ïÊ
2²é²ì²è²æ²ç²ê²ëâªé«é¶éß
3²æïïñÃ
4²îɲ²æ²í²ïãâæ±è¾ñÃ
Chai,Ch'ai,Chai
1²î²ðîÎ
2²ñ²òÙ
4ðûò²
Chan,Ch'an,Chan
1²ó²ôêè
2µ¥²õ²ö²÷²øâÜäýå¤åîæ¿ìøïâó¸õð
3²ú²û²ùÙæÚÆÝÛæö
4²üâãåñ
Chang,Ch'ang,Chang
1²ý²þØöÝÅãÑæ½öð
2³¤³¡³£³¥Ìȳ¢³¦ÉÑÜÉáäæÏ
3³¡³§³¨ã®êÆë©
4³©³ª³«ÛËâê
Chao,Ch'ao,Chau
1³¬³®³³³´Â½Ëâ÷ìÌ
2³±³¯³°³²êË
3³³³´
4ñé
Che,Ch'e,Che
1³µíº
3³ß³¶
4³·³¹³¸³ºÛå
Chen,Ch'en,Chen
1³»ÞÓàÁè¡
2³Â³¿Éò³Á³¼³½³¾³À³ÈÚÈå·
3í×
4³Æ³Ã³Ä³ÓÚßé´ö³
5Ø÷
Cheng,Ch'eng,Cheng
1³Æ³Å³ÓàáèßîªîõòÉ
2³É³Ì³Ð³ÇÊ¢³Ê³Ë³Ï³Í³ÎØ©³ÈÛôèÇëóîññÎõ¨
3³Ñ³ÒñÎ
4³Æ³Ó
Chi,Ch'ih,Chr
1³Ôó׳ÕßêàÍæÊí÷ð·ò¿ó¤÷Î
2³Ö³Ø³Ù³Û³×³ÚÛæܯÜÝóøõØ
3³ß³Ü³Ý³ÞñÝôù
4³à³á³â³ãÙÑß³à´áÜâÁë·ñ¡
Chong,Ch'ung,Chung
1³ä³åÓ¿Üûâçã¿ô©ô¾
2ÖÖÖسç³æ
3³è
4³åï¥
Chou,Ch'ou,Chou
1³éñ¬
2³ï³ê³ñ³î³ë³ì³í³ðÙ±àüã°öÅ
3³ò³ó
4³ô
Chu,Ch'u,Chu
1³ö³õéË
2³ý³÷³ø³ù³ú³û³üÛ»òÜõé
3´¦´¢´¡³þèÆèúñÒ
4´¦´¥Ðó´£´¤Ø¡âðãÀç©÷í
Chuai,Ch'uai,Chwai
1´§Þõ
3´§
4´§à¨àÜëúõß
Chuan,Ch'uan,Chwan
1´¨´©çÝë°
2´¬´«´ªå×ô
3´â¶
4´®îË
Chuang,Ch'uang,Chwang
1´´´°´¯
2´²´±
3´³
4´´âë
Chui,Ch'ui,Chwei
1´µ´¶
2´·´¸´¹×µÚïé¢é³
Chun,Ch'un,Chwun
1´º´»òí
2´¿´¼´½´¾Ý»ðÈ
3´À
Chuo,Ch'o,Chwo
1´ÁõÖ
4´Âà¨ê¡öº
Ci,Tz'u,Tsz
1²î´Ã´ÌßÚ
2´Ê×È´Ç´È´Ä´Å´Æ´ÉÜëìôðËôÙ
3´Ë
4´Î´Í´ÌËÅ
Cong,Ts'ung,Tsung
1´Ó´Ï´Ð´Ñ´ÒÜÊæõè®èÈ
2´Ó´ÔäÈçý
Cou,Ts'ou,Tsou
4´Õé¨ê£ëí
Cu,Ts'u,Tsu
1´Ö
2áÞéã
4´Ù×ä´×´ØÝýâ§õ¡õ¾õí
Cuan,Ts'uan,Tswan
1´ÚÙàߥïé
2ÔÜ
4´Û´Üìà
Cui,Ts'ui,Tswei
1Ë¥´Ý´Þ´ßéÁö¿
3è
4´â´à´á´ã´äÝÍßýã²ë¥
Cun,Ts'un,Tswun
1´åñå
2´æ¶×
3ââ
4´ç
Cuo,Ts'o,Tswo
1´è´é´êõã
2áÏïóðîðûõº
3´éëâ
4´ë´íØÈ´ìï±
Da,Ta,Da
1´ð´îÞÇßÕñ×àª
2´ï´ò´ð´ñâòæ§í³óÎ÷°÷²
3´ò
4´ó
5Ëþðã
Dai,Tai,Dai
1´ý´ôß¾
3´þ´õ´ö
4´ó´ú´ý´ø´û´÷´þ´ü´ùµ¡Ü¤ß°á·åÊææçªçé÷ì
Dan,Tan,Dan
1µ¥µ¤µ£µ¢µ¦ÙÙééíñð÷ñõóì
3µ£µ§µ¨êæðãð÷
4µ«Ê¯µ£µµ©µ¯µ®µªµ¬µ°ÝÌà¢å£ð÷
Dang,Tang,Dang
1µ±îõñÉ
3µ³µ²ÚÔ
4µ±µ²µ´µµÛÊÝÐå´í¸
Dao,Tao,Dau
1µ¶ß¶âáë®
2߶
3µ¼µºµ¹µ¸µ·µ»
4µ½µÀµ¹µÁµ¾µ¿àüìâôî
De,Te,De
2µÃµÂï½
5µÄµØµÃµ×
Dei,Tei,Dei
3µÃ
Deng,Teng,Deng
1µÇµÆµÅàâô£
3µÈê
4³ÎµËµÅµÉµÊáØíãïë
Di,Ti,Di
1ÌáµÍµÌµÎصàÖïáôÆ
2µÄµÒµÐµÏµÑµÓµÔµÕÙáݶàÖêëïá
3µÖµ×صڮÛæèÜíÆ÷¾Û¡
4µÄµØµÚµÜµÛµÝµÙµÞÚÐæ·ç°é¦íÚíû
Dia,,
3àÇ
Dian,Tien,Dyan
1µßµàµááÛñ²
3µãµäµâؼõÚ
4µçµêµîµìµåµæµèµéµëµíÚçÛãçèîäñ°ô¡
Diao,Tiao,Dyau
1µïµðµñµòµóõõöô
3Äñ
4µ÷µôµõµöîöï¢
Die,Tieh,Dye
1µøµùõÚ
2µúµûµüµýµþØýÛìܦÞéà©ëºð¬ñóõÞöø
Ding,Ting,Ding
1¶¡¶¢¶£¶¤Øêçàî®ðÛñôôú
3¶¥¶¦ôú
4¶¨¶©íÖ¶¤¶§à¤ëëîú
Diu,Tiu,Dyou
1¶ªîû
Dong,Tung,Dung
1¶«¶¬ßËá´ë±ð´
3¶¶®íÏ
4¶¯¶°¶±¶²¶³¶´Ûíá¼ëËëØíÏ
Dou,Tou,Dou
1¶¼¶µÝúóû
3¶·¶¶¶¸ò½
4¶Á¶º¶·¶¹¶»ñ¼
Du,Tu,Du
1¶¼¶½à½
2¶À¶Á¶Ù¶¾¶¿äÂèüë¹÷Ç÷ò
3¶Äóƶö¶Ç
4¶È¶Å¶É¶Æ¶Ç¶Êܶó¼
Duan,Tuan,Dwan
1¶Ë
3¶Ì
4¶Î¶Ï¶Í¶Ðé²ìÑóý
Dui,Tui,Dwei
1¶Ñ
4¶Ô¶Ó¶Ò¶Øí¡ííÔïæ
Dun,Tun,Dwun
1¶Ö¶Ø¶Õ¶×íâïæ
3íïõ»
4¶Ù¶Û¶Ü¶Ú¶ÝãçìÀí»
Duo,To,Dwo
1¶à¶Þ¶ßßÍñÖ
2¶È¶áîìõâ
3¶â¶ã¶äßáç¶
4¶â¶å¶æ¶ç¶è¶éÍÔãõèÞ
E,E,E
1°¢åíæ¹
2¶î¶ì¶ê¶ë¶í¶ï¶ðŶÝï°
3¶ñ
4¶ñ¶ò¶ô¶ó¶õ¶öجÚÌÛÑÜÃÝàßÀãµãÕéîëñïÉðÊò¦öù
5ßÀ
Ei,Ei,Ei
2ÚÀ
3ÚÀ
4ÚÀ
En,En,En
1¶÷Ýì
4Þô
Er,Erh,Er
2¶ø¶ùð¹öÜ
3¶û¶ú¶ü¶ýåÇçíîï
4¶þ·¡Ù¦
Fa,Fa,Fa
1·¢
2·£·¦·¥·¤·§ÛÒ
3·¨íÀ
4·¢·©
Fan,Fan,Fan
1··ª·¬·«Þ¬á¦
2·±·²·º·³·®·¯·°Þ¬ÞÀìÜõì
3·´·µ
4·¸···¶·º·¹èóî²
Fang,Fang,Fang
1·½·¼·»·ÁÚúèÊîÕ
2·À·¿·»·¾·ÁöÐ
3·Ã·Ä·ÂáÝô³
4·Å
Fei,Fei,Fei
1·Ç·Éç³·Æ·Èåúìéòãööî
2·ÊäÇëè
3·Æ·Ë·Ìãé¼ì³òãóõôä
4·Ñ·Ï·Î·Í·ÐÜÀáôïÐðò
Fen,Fen,Fen
1·Ö·×·Ò·Õ·Ó·Ôçã
2·Ø·Ù·Úèû÷÷
3·Û
4·Ö·Ý·Ü·Þ·ß·àÙÇå¯ö÷
Feng,Feng,Feng
1·ç·á·â·å·ã·ä·æ·è·éÛºÝ×ããí¿
2·ê·ë·ì
3·íßô
4Ùº·ï·î·ìÝ×
Fo,Fo,Fwo
2·ð
Fou,Fou,Fou
3·ñó¾
Fu,Fu,Fu
1·ò·ó·ô·õß»ïûôïõÃõÆ
2·þ¸£·ò¸¡·ð·û¸¥æÚ·ù·ü·ö·÷·ø·ú·ý¸¢¸¤ÙëÙìۮܽÜÀÜÞÜòݳÝÊá¥âöåõç¦ç¨èõìðíÉíêî·ïûò¶òÝòð
3¸®¸¸¸¨¸©¸«¸¦¸§¸ª¸¬¸¸¯ÞÔäæíë
4·þ¸¶¸±¸´¸º¸½¸»¸¸¸¾¸°¸²¸¹¸³¸µ¸·¸¼¸¿¸Àæâêçð¥òóöÖöû
5¸À
Ga,Ka,Ga
1¿§¼Ð¸Â¸ìÙ¤ê¸
2¸Á¸ÂÔþæÙîÅ
3¸ÂæØ
4ÞÎ
Gai,Kai,Gai
1¸ÃÚëÛòêà
3¸Ä
4¸Å¸Ç¸Æ¸È½æؤê®
Gan,Kan,Gan
1¸É¸Ê¸Ë¸Ì¸Í¸ÎǬÛáÜÕÞÏãïí·ðáôû
3¸Ò¸Ï¸Ë¸Ð¸Ñߦä÷éÏ
4¸É¸ÓäÆç¤êº
Gang,Kang,Gang
1¸Õ¸Ô¸Ö¸×¸Ø¸Ù¸Ü¿¸î¸
3¸Û¸Ú
4¸Ö¸Üí°óà
Gao,Kao,Gau
1¸ß¸Ý¸Þ¸à¸á¸âغéÀ
3¸å¸ã¸äÞ»çÉéÂê½
4¸æ¸àÚ¾Û¬ï¯
Ge,Ke,Ge
1¸ñ¸ç¸è¸é¸ê¸ë¸ì¸í¸î¿©ÒÙØîÛÙæüñË
2¸ñ¸ï¸ó¸ð¸ô¸é¸ì¸òتܪàÃë¡ëõïÓò¢÷À
3¸ö¸÷ºÏ¸ð¸ÇÛÁô´
4¸ö¸÷¸õíÑò´
Gei,Kei,Gei
3¸ø
Gen,Ken,Gen
1¸ù¸ú
2ßç
3ôÞ
4بݢôÞ
Geng,Keng,Geng
1¸ü¸ý¸û¸þâÙ
3¹¡¹¢¹£¾±ßìç®öá
4¸ü
Gong,Kung,Gung
1¹¤¹«¹²¹©¹¦ºì¹¥¹¬¹§¹¨¹ª¹ëÅò¼ö¡
3¹®¹¯¹°çî
4¹²¹©¹±
Gou,Kou,Gou
1¹µ¾ä¹³¹´ØþçÃèÛóô÷¸
3¹¶¹·á¸èÛóÑ
4¹¹¹»¹º¹´¹¸Ú¸åÜæÅêíì°
Gu,Ku,Gu
1¹À¹¼¹½¹¾¹¿¹Á¹Â¹Ã¹ÇÝÔßÉéïì±ð³òÁôþõý
2¹Ç
3¹É¹Ä¹Å¹È¹Æ¹Ç¼ÖØÅÚ¬ãéêôëûì±îî¹îÜðÀòÁ÷½
4¹Ë¹Í¹À¹Ê¹ÌáÄèôêöïÀðóöñ
Gua,Kua,Gwa
1À¨¹Î¹ÏßÉèéëÒð»
3¹Ñ¹ÐßÉ
4¹Ò¹ÓØÔÚ´
Guai,Kuai,Gwai
1¹ÔÞâ
3¹Õ
4¹Ö
Guan,Kuan,Gwan
1¹Ø¹Ù¹Û¹Ú¹×ÂÚÙÄݸñæ÷¤
3¹Ü¹Ýݸ
4¹Û¹ß¹Ú¹Þ¹à¹áÞèäÊîÂðÙ
Guang,Kuang,Gwang
1¹âßÛèæë×
3¹ãáî
4¹äèæ
Gui,Kuei,Gwei
1¹æ¹é¹å¹ç¹è¹ê¹ë¿þæ£ð§öÙ
3¹ì¹í¹î¹ïØÐâÑå³êÐóþ
4¹ó¹ð¹ñ¹ò¹ôȲØÛèíêÁ÷¬
Gun,Kun,Gwun
3¹õ¹öÙòçµíÞöç
4¹÷
Guo,Kuo,Gwo
1¹ý¹ù¹øÎÐÛößÃáÆñøòå
2¹úÙåÞâàþë½
3¹û¹üâ£é¤òä
4¹ý
Ha,Ha,Ha
1¹þîþ
2¸òϺ
3¹þ
4¹þ
Hai,Hai,Hai
1ºÙ¿ÈàË
2»¹º¢º¡
3º£ëÜõ°
4º¦º¤º¥º§
Han,Han,Han
1º¨º©ñüòÀ÷ý
2º«º¯º¬ºº¹ºªº®ÚõêÏìÊ
3º°º±ãÛ
4ººº´º¶º²ºµº¹º³º·º¸ÝÕÞþå«ò¥
Hang,Hang,Hang
1º»
2Ðк½º¼¿Ôç¬çññþ
4ÐÐÏïãì
Hao,Hao,Hau
1ÝïÞ¶àã
2ºÅºÀºÁº¾º¿ºÑàÆå©òº
3ºÃºÂ
4ºÃºÅºÄºÆ¸äå°ê»ð©ò«
He,He,He
1ºÈºÇÚàÀ
2ºÍºÏºÎºÓºËºÉºÊºÌºÐºÑºÒºÔÛÀãØæüêÂîÁò¢òÂôç
4ºÍºÎºØºÉºÕºÈºÖº×ÏÅÛÖ
Hei,Hei,Hei
1ºÚºÙàË
Hen,Hen,Hen
2ºÛ
3ºÜºÝ
4ºÞ
Heng,Heng,Heng
1ºàºß
2ÐкâºáºãÞ¿çñèì
4ºá
Hng,,
5ºß
Hong,Hung,Hung
1ºäºåºæÙêÞ°
2ºìºèºéºçºêºëÙäݦޮãÈãü
3ºå
4ºåÚ§Þ®
Hou,Hou,Hou
3ºð
4ºóºòºîºñÜ©ááåËö×
Hu,Hu,Hu
1ºôºõÏ·ºöºýßüã±äïéõìÃ
2ºÍºúºËºþº÷ºøºùºûºüºý»¡àñâ©éÎì²ìÎðÉõõú÷½ðÀ
3»¢»£ä°çú
4»¤»¥»§»¢ºý»¦Ùüá²âïìæìèìïðð×óË
Hua,Hua,Hwa
1»¯»ª»¨»©í¹
2»ª»®»í»©»«»¬æèîü
4»¯»ª»®»°»èë
Huai,Huai,Hwai
2»³»±»²»´õ×
4»µ
5»®
Huan,Huan,Hwan
1»¶âµ
2»¹»·»¸Û¨ÝÈà÷ä¡å¾çÙïÌ÷ß
3ȼ
4»»»¼»À»Ã»½»¾»¿»Á»Âۼߧä½äñåÕöé
Huang,Huang,Hwang
1»Å»ÄëÁ
2»Æ»Ê»Í»Ç»È»É»Ë»ÌÚòáåäÒäêåØè«ñ¥ó¨óòöü
3»Î»Ï»Ð»Ñ
4»Î
Hui,Hui,Hwei
1»Ó»Ö»Ô»Ò¶é»ÕÚ¶ßÔãÄçõêÍò³÷â
2»Ø»²»×Üîä§
3»Ù»Úò³
4»á»ã»Ý»Û»æ»ß»Ü»Þ»à»â»ä»åÀ£ÜöÞ¥ßÜà¹ä«åççÀèíí£ó³
Hun,Hun,Hwun
1»é»è»çãÔ
2»ì»ê»ëâÆçõ
4»ìÚ»äã
Huo,Huo,Hwo
1»íØåß«ïÁñë
2ºÍ»î
3»ð»ïâ·îØ
4ºÍ»õ»ò»ñ»ö»í»ô»óÞ½àëïìó¶
Ji,Chi,Ji
1Æä»úÆÚ»ù¼¸»ý¼¤¼¨Ææ¼£»ü»ø¼§»÷»û»þ¼¡¼¢¼¥¼¦¼©Ø¢ØÀØÞÛÔܸߴßÒßóåìçÜçáêåê÷ì´í¶î¿ïúóÇõÒ
2¼°¼¶¼´¼ª¼«¼¯¼±¼®¸ï½å᧼²¼¼¬¼³¼µ¼¹Ø½Ù¥ÚµÝðÞªáÕé®éêê«ñ¤óÅ
3¼Ã¸ø¼º¼¸¼Í¸ï¼·¼¹Þáêªò±÷ä
4¼Æ¼Ãϵ¼Ê¼Ì¼Ç¼¼¼Í¼Äôß¼¾¼ÈÆë¼Á¼À¼»¼½¼¿¼Â¼Å¼É¼ËÙÊÜÁÜùßâä©æ÷êéð¢õÕö«öÝöê÷Ù
Jia,Chia,Jya
1¼Ó¼Ò¼Î¼Ñ¼Ð¼ÏÇÑЮ٤Ýçä¤åÈçìïØðèóÕôÂõÊ
2¼Ð¼Ô¼ÕÛ£ê©í¢îòñÊòÌ
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A much more important factor in the social movement than those already mentioned was the ever-increasing influence of women. This probably stood at the lowest point to which it has ever fallen, during the classic age of Greek life and thought. In the history of Thucydides, so far as it forms a connected series of events, four times only during a period of nearly seventy years does a woman cross the scene. In each instance her apparition only lasts for a moment. In three of the four instances she is a queen or a princess, and belongs either to the half-barbarous kingdoms of northern Hellas or to wholly barbarous Thrace. In the one remaining instance208¡ª that of the woman who helps some of the trapped Thebans to make their escape from Plataea¡ªwhile her deed of mercy will live for ever, her name is for ever lost.319 But no sooner did philosophy abandon physics for ethics and religion than the importance of those subjects to women was perceived, first by Socrates, and after him by Xenophon and Plato. Women are said to have attended Plato¡¯s lectures disguised as men. Women formed part of the circle which gathered round Epicurus in his suburban retreat. Others aspired not only to learn but to teach. Ar¨ºt¨º, the daughter of Aristippus, handed on the Cyrenaic doctrine to her son, the younger Aristippus. Hipparchia, the wife of Crates the Cynic, earned a place among the representatives of his school. But all these were exceptions; some of them belonged to the class of Hetaerae; and philosophy, although it might address itself to them, remained unaffected by their influence. The case was widely different in Rome, where women were far more highly honoured than in Greece;320 and even if the prominent part assigned to them in the legendary history of the city be a proof, among others, of its untrustworthiness, still that such stories should be thought worth inventing and preserving is an indirect proof of the extent to which feminine influence prevailed. With the loss of political liberty, their importance, as always happens at such a conjuncture, was considerably increased. Under a personal government there is far more scope for intrigue than where law is king; and as intriguers women are at least the209 equals of men. Moreover, they profited fully by the levelling tendencies of the age. One great service of the imperial jurisconsults was to remove some of the disabilities under which women formerly suffered. According to the old law, they were placed under male guardianship through their whole life, but this restraint was first reduced to a legal fiction by compelling the guardian to do what they wished, and at last it was entirely abolished. Their powers both of inheritance and bequest were extended; they frequently possessed immense wealth; and their wealth was sometimes expended for purposes of public munificence. Their social freedom seems to have been unlimited, and they formed combinations among themselves which probably served to increase their general influence.321 The old religions of Greece and Italy were essentially oracular. While inculcating the existence of supernatural beings, and prescribing the modes according to which such beings were to be worshipped, they paid most attention to the interpretation of the signs by which either future events in general, or the consequences of particular actions, were supposed to be divinely revealed. Of these intimations, some were given to the whole world, so that he who ran might read, others were reserved for certain favoured localities, and only communicated through the appointed ministers of the god. The Delphic oracle in particular enjoyed an enormous reputation both among Greeks and barbarians for guidance afforded under the latter conditions; and during a considerable period it may even be said to have directed the course of Hellenic civilisation. It was also under this form that supernatural religion suffered most injury from the great intellectual movement which followed the Persian wars. Men who had learned to study the constant sequences of Nature for themselves, and to shape their conduct according to fixed principles of prudence or of justice, either thought it irreverent to trouble the god about questions on which they were competent to form an opinion for themselves, or did not choose to place a well-considered scheme at the mercy of his possibly interested responses. That such a revolution occurred about the middle of the fifth century B.C., seems proved by the great change of tone in reference to this subject which one perceives on passing from Aeschylus to Sophocles. That anyone should question the veracity of an oracle is a supposition which never crosses the mind of the elder dramatist. A knowledge of augury counts among the greatest benefits222 conferred by Prometheus on mankind, and the Titan brings Zeus himself to terms by his acquaintance with the secrets of destiny. Sophocles, on the other hand, evidently has to deal with a sceptical generation, despising prophecies and needing to be warned of the fearful consequences brought about by neglecting their injunctions. The stranger had a pleasant, round face, with eyes that twinkled in spite of the creases around them that showed worry. No wonder he was worried, Sandy thought: having deserted the craft they had foiled in its attempt to get the gems, the man had returned from some short foray to discover his craft replaced by another. ¡°Thanks,¡± Dick retorted, without smiling. When they reached him, in the dying glow of the flashlight Dick trained on a body lying in a heap, they identified the man who had been warned by his gypsy fortune teller to ¡°look out for a hidden enemy.¡± He was lying at full length in the mould and leaves. "But that is sport," she answered carelessly. On the retirement of Townshend, Walpole reigned supreme and without a rival in the Cabinet. Henry Pelham was made Secretary at War; Compton Earl of Wilmington Privy Seal. He left foreign affairs chiefly to Stanhope, now Lord Harrington, and to the Duke of Newcastle, impressing on them by all means to avoid quarrels with foreign Powers, and maintain the blessings of peace. With all the faults of Walpole, this was the praise of his political system, which system, on the meeting of Parliament in the spring of 1731, was violently attacked by Wyndham and Pulteney, on the plea that we were making ruinous treaties, and sacrificing British interests, in order to benefit Hanover, the eternal millstone round the neck of England. Pulteney and Bolingbroke carried the same attack into the pages of The Craftsman, but they failed to move Walpole, or to shake his power. The English Government, instead of treating Wilkes with a dignified indifference, was weak enough to show how deeply it was touched by him, dismissed him from his commission of Colonel of the Buckinghamshire Militia, and treated Lord Temple as an abettor of his, by depriving him of the Lord-Lieutenancy of the same county, and striking his name from the list of Privy Councillors, giving the Lord-Lieutenancy to Dashwood, now Lord Le Despencer. "I tell you what I'll do," said the Deacon, after a little consideration. "I feel as if both Si and you kin stand a little more'n you had yesterday. I'll cook two to-day. We'll send a big cupful over to Capt. McGillicuddy. That'll leave us two for to-morrer. After that we'll have to trust to Providence." "Indeed you won't," said the Surgeon decisively. "You'll go straight home, and stay there until you are well. You won't be fit for duty for at least a month yet, if then. If you went out into camp now you would have a relapse, and be dead inside of a week. The country between here and Chattanooga is dotted with the graves of men who have been sent back to the front too soon." "Adone do wud that¡ªthough you sound more as if you wur in a black temper wud me than as if you pitied me." "Wot about this gal he's married?" "Don't come any further." "Davy, it 'ud be cruel of us to go and leave him." "Insolent priest!" interrupted De Boteler, "do you dare to justify what you have done? Now, by my faith, if you had with proper humility acknowledged your fault and sued for pardon¡ªpardon you should have had. But now, you leave this castle instantly. I will teach you that De Boteler will yet be master of his own house, and his own vassals. And here I swear (and the baron of Sudley uttered an imprecation) that, for your meddling knavery, no priest or monk shall ever again abide here. If the varlets want to shrieve, they can go to the Abbey; and if they want to hear mass, a priest can come from Winchcombe. But never shall another of your meddling fraternity abide at Sudley while Roland de Boteler is its lord." "My lord," said Edith, in her defence, "this woman has sworn falsely. The medicine I gave was a sovereign remedy, if given as I ordered. Ten drops would have saved the child's life; but the contents of the phial destroyed it. The words I uttered were prayers for the life of the child. My children, and all who know me, can bear witness that I have a custom of asking His blessing upon all I take in hand. I raised my eyes towards heaven, and muttered words; but, my lord, they were words of prayer¡ªand I looked up as I prayed, to the footstool of the Lord. But it is in vain to contend: the malice of the wicked will triumph, and Edith Holgrave, who even in thought never harmed one of God's creatures, must be sacrificed to cover the guilt, or hide the thoughtlessness of another." "Aye, Sir Treasurer, thou hast reason to sink thy head! Thy odious poll-tax has mingled vengeance¡ªnay, blood¡ªwith the cry of the bond." HoME¹ÅÒ»¼¶Ã«Æ¬Ãâ·Ñ¹Û¿´
ENTER NUMBET 0017
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